Behaviour of high-strength concrete circular columns confined by high-strength spirals under concentric compression
Abstract
This paper tested the behaviour of 32 high-strength concrete columns confined by high-strength spirals under concentric compression. The test parameters included unconfined concrete compressive strength, spiral yield strength, volumetric ratio, and spiral spacing. The results showed that bulging and shear sliding were the two characteristic types of failure patterns of the thirty-two confined columns, depending on spiral spacing and concrete strength. Moreover, the spiral in most specimens did not yield at the confined concrete compressive strength. An analytical confinement model for high-strength concrete columns confined by high-strength spirals was proposed. In this proposed model, the calculated value of the spiral stress at the confined concrete compressive strength was used to calculate the feature points of the stressstrain curve. The proposed model showed good correlations with available experimental results of 64 columns.
Keyword : high-strength, confined concrete, circular column, spiral strain, stress-strain curve
How to Cite
Hou, C., Zheng, W., & Chang, W. (2020). Behaviour of high-strength concrete circular columns confined by high-strength spirals under concentric compression. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 26(6), 564-578. https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2020.12913
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Assa, B., Nishiyama, M., & Watanabe, F. (2001a). New approach for modeling confined concrete I: circle columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 127(7), 743–750. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:7(743)
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ASTM International. (2010). ASTM D695-10: Standard test method for compressive properties of rigid plastics.
ASTM International. (2014). ASTM D638-14: Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics.
Baduge, S. K., Mendis, P., & Ngo, T. (2018). Stress-strain relationship for very-high strength concrete (>100 MPa) confined by lateral reinforcement. Engineering Structures, 177, 795–808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.08.008
Bing, L., Park, R., & Tanaka, H. (2001). Stress-strain behavior of high-strength concrete confined by ultra-high- and normalstrength transverse reinforcements. ACI Structural Journal, 98(3), 395–406. https://doi.org/10.14359/10228
Campione, G., & Minafò, G. (2010). Compressive behavior of short high-strength concrete columns. Engineering Structures, 32(9), 2755–2766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.04.045
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China Architecture & Building Press. (2011). GB50010-2010: Code for design of concrete structures (in Chinese).
Cusson, D., & Paultre, P. (1994). High-strength concrete columns confined by rectangular ties. Journal of Structural Engineering, 120(3), 783–804. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:3(783)
Cusson, D., & Paultre, P. (1995). Stress-strain model for confined high-strength concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 121(3), 468–477. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:3(468)
Eid, R., Kovler, K., David, I., Khoury, W., & Miller, S. (2018). Behavior and design of high-strength circular reinforced concrete columns subjected to axial compression. Engineering Structures, 173, 472–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.116
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Fafitis, A., & Shah, S. P. (1985). Lateral reinforcement for highstrength concrete columns. ACI Special Publication, 87, 213– 232.
Foster, S. J., & Attard, M. M. (2008). Strength and ductility of fiber reinforced high strength concrete columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 127(1), 281–289. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:1(28)
Hadi, M. N. S., & Zhao, H. (2011). Experimental study of highstrength concrete columns confined with different types of mesh under eccentric and concentric loads. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 23(6), 823–832. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000234
Han, B., Shin, S., & Bahn, B. (2003). A model of confined concrete in high-strength reinforced concrete tied columns. Magazine of Concrete Research, 55(3), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2003.55.3.203
Hong, K. N., Akiyama, M., Yi, S. T., & Suzuki, M. (2006). Stressstrain behavior of high-strength concrete columns confined by low-volumetric ratio rectangular ties. Magazine of Concrete Research, 58(2), 101–115. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2006.58.2.101
Issa, M. A., & Toban, H. (1994). Strength and ductility enhancement in high-strength confined concrete. Magazine of Concrete Research, 45(168), 177–189. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1994.46.168.177
Kim, Y.-S., Kim, S.-W., Lee, J.-Y., Lee, J.-M., Kim, H.-G., & Kim, K.-H. (2016). Prediction of stress-strain behavior of spirally confined concrete considering lateral expansion. Construction and Building Materials, 102, 743–761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.11.017
Kim, S.-W., Kim, Y.-S., Lee, J.-Y., & Kim, K.-H. (2017a). Confined concrete with varying yield strengths of spirals. Magazine of Concrete Research, 69(5), 217–229. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.16.00053
Kim, C.-S., Park, H.-G., Lee, H.-J., & Choi, I,-R. (2017b). Eccentric axial load test for high-strength composite columns of various sectional configurations. Journal of Structural Engineering, 143(8), 04017075. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001803
Legeron F., & Paultre, P. (2003). Uniaxial confinement model for normal- and high-strength concrete columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 29(2), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:2(241)
Li, Y., Cao, S., Liang, H., Ni, X., & Jing, D. (2018). Axial compressive behavior of concrete columns with grade 600MPa reinforcing bars. Engineering Structures, 172, 497–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.047
Liao, W.-C., Perceka, W., & Wang, M. (2017). Experimental study of cyclic behavior of high-strength reinforced concrete columns with different transverse reinforcement detailing configurations. Engineering Structures, 153, 290–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct. 2017.10.011
Mander, J. B., Priestley, M. J. N., & Park, R. (1988). Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 114(8), 1804–1825. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:8(1804)
Ou, Y. C., & Kurniawan, D. P. (2015a). Effect of axial compression on shear behavior of high-strength reinforced concrete columns. ACI Structural Journal, 112(2), 209–220. https://doi.org/10.14359/51687300
Ou, Y. C., & Kurniawan, D. P. (2015b). Shear behavior of reinforced of reinforced concrete columns with high-strength steel and concrete. ACI Structural Journal, 112(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.14359/51686822
Paultre, P., Legeron, F., & Mongeau, D. (2001). Influence of concrete strength and transverse reinforcement yield strength on behavior of high-strength concrete columns. ACI Structural Journal, 98(4), 490–501. https://doi.org/10.14359/10292
Popovics, S. (1973). A numerical approach to the complete stressstrain curve of concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 3(5), 583–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(73)90096-3
Ramezanianpour, A. A. (2014). Cement replacement materials. Properties, durability, sustainability. Springer, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36721-2
Razvi, S. R. (1995). Confinement of normal and high-strength concrete columns (Dissertation). University of Ottawa.
Razvi, S. R., & Saatcioglu, M. (1999a). Circular high-strength concrete columns under concentric compression. ACI Structural Journal, 96(5), 817–825. https://doi.org/10.14359/736
Razvi, S. R., & Saatcioglu, M. (1999b). Confinement model for high strength concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 125(3), 281–289. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:3(281)
Razvi, S. W. N., & Shaikh, M. G. (2018). Effect of confinement on behavior of short concrete column. Procedia Manufacturing, 20, 563–570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.084
Sharma, U. K., Bhargava, P., & Kaushik, S. K. (2005). Behavior of confined high strength concrete columns under axial compression. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 3(2), 267–281. https://doi.org/10.3151/JACT.3.267
Standard Association of New Zealand. (2006). NZS 3101: Concrete structures standard Part 1 – The design of concrete structures.
Taheri, A., Moghadam, A. S., & Tasnimi, A. A. (2017). Critical factors in displacement ductility assessment of high-strength concrete columns. International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, 9(4), 325–340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40091-017-0169-6
The International Federation for Structural Concrete (FIB). (2010). CEB-FIB Bulletin 66: Mode code final draft – Volume 2.
Wang, W., Zhang, M., Tang, Y., Zhang, X., & Ding, X. (2017). Behaviour of high-strength concrete columns confined by spiral reinforcement under uniaxial compression. Construction and Building Materials, 154, 496–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.179
Yong, Y. K., Nour, M. G., & Nawy, E. G. (1988). Behavior of laterally confined high-strength concrete under axial loads. Journal of Structural Engineering, 114(2), 333–351. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:2(332)
Zhang, S., & Wang, Y. (2004). Failure modes of short columns of high-strength concrete-filled steel tubes. China Civil Engineering Journal, 37(9), 1–10 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2004.09.001
Zheng, W. Z., Hou, C. C., & Chang, W. (2018). Experimental study on mechanical behavior of circular concrete columns confined by high-strength spiral. Journal of Building Structures, 39(6), 21–31 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2018.06.003
Afifi, M. Z., Mohamed, H. M., & Benmokrane, B. (2015). Theoretical stress-strain model for circular concrete columns confined by GFRP spirals and hoops. Engineering Structures, 102, 202–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.08.020
Akiyama, M., Suzuki, M., & Frangopol, D. M. (2010). Stressaveraged strain model for confined high-strength concrete. ACI Structural Journal, 107(2), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.14359/51663534
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2019). ACI 318-19: Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary.
Antonius. (2014). Performance of high-strength concrete columns confined by medium strength of spirals and hoops. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 15(2), 245–258.
Assa, B., Nishiyama, M., & Watanabe, F. (2001a). New approach for modeling confined concrete I: circle columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 127(7), 743–750. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:7(743)
Assa, B., Nishiyama, M., & Watanabe, F. (2001b). New approach for modeling confined concrete II: rectangular columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 127(7), 751–757. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:7(751)
ASTM International. (2010). ASTM D695-10: Standard test method for compressive properties of rigid plastics.
ASTM International. (2014). ASTM D638-14: Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics.
Baduge, S. K., Mendis, P., & Ngo, T. (2018). Stress-strain relationship for very-high strength concrete (>100 MPa) confined by lateral reinforcement. Engineering Structures, 177, 795–808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.08.008
Bing, L., Park, R., & Tanaka, H. (2001). Stress-strain behavior of high-strength concrete confined by ultra-high- and normalstrength transverse reinforcements. ACI Structural Journal, 98(3), 395–406. https://doi.org/10.14359/10228
Campione, G., & Minafò, G. (2010). Compressive behavior of short high-strength concrete columns. Engineering Structures, 32(9), 2755–2766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.04.045
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (2004). CSA A23.3-04: Design of concrete structures.
China Architecture & Building Press. (2011). GB50010-2010: Code for design of concrete structures (in Chinese).
Cusson, D., & Paultre, P. (1994). High-strength concrete columns confined by rectangular ties. Journal of Structural Engineering, 120(3), 783–804. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:3(783)
Cusson, D., & Paultre, P. (1995). Stress-strain model for confined high-strength concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 121(3), 468–477. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:3(468)
Eid, R., Kovler, K., David, I., Khoury, W., & Miller, S. (2018). Behavior and design of high-strength circular reinforced concrete columns subjected to axial compression. Engineering Structures, 173, 472–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.116
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). (2004). EN 1992-1-1:2004: Design of concrete structures – Part 1: General rules and rules for buildings.
Fafitis, A., & Shah, S. P. (1985). Lateral reinforcement for highstrength concrete columns. ACI Special Publication, 87, 213– 232.
Foster, S. J., & Attard, M. M. (2008). Strength and ductility of fiber reinforced high strength concrete columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 127(1), 281–289. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:1(28)
Hadi, M. N. S., & Zhao, H. (2011). Experimental study of highstrength concrete columns confined with different types of mesh under eccentric and concentric loads. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 23(6), 823–832. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000234
Han, B., Shin, S., & Bahn, B. (2003). A model of confined concrete in high-strength reinforced concrete tied columns. Magazine of Concrete Research, 55(3), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2003.55.3.203
Hong, K. N., Akiyama, M., Yi, S. T., & Suzuki, M. (2006). Stressstrain behavior of high-strength concrete columns confined by low-volumetric ratio rectangular ties. Magazine of Concrete Research, 58(2), 101–115. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2006.58.2.101
Issa, M. A., & Toban, H. (1994). Strength and ductility enhancement in high-strength confined concrete. Magazine of Concrete Research, 45(168), 177–189. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1994.46.168.177
Kim, Y.-S., Kim, S.-W., Lee, J.-Y., Lee, J.-M., Kim, H.-G., & Kim, K.-H. (2016). Prediction of stress-strain behavior of spirally confined concrete considering lateral expansion. Construction and Building Materials, 102, 743–761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.11.017
Kim, S.-W., Kim, Y.-S., Lee, J.-Y., & Kim, K.-H. (2017a). Confined concrete with varying yield strengths of spirals. Magazine of Concrete Research, 69(5), 217–229. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.16.00053
Kim, C.-S., Park, H.-G., Lee, H.-J., & Choi, I,-R. (2017b). Eccentric axial load test for high-strength composite columns of various sectional configurations. Journal of Structural Engineering, 143(8), 04017075. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001803
Legeron F., & Paultre, P. (2003). Uniaxial confinement model for normal- and high-strength concrete columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 29(2), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:2(241)
Li, Y., Cao, S., Liang, H., Ni, X., & Jing, D. (2018). Axial compressive behavior of concrete columns with grade 600MPa reinforcing bars. Engineering Structures, 172, 497–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.047
Liao, W.-C., Perceka, W., & Wang, M. (2017). Experimental study of cyclic behavior of high-strength reinforced concrete columns with different transverse reinforcement detailing configurations. Engineering Structures, 153, 290–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct. 2017.10.011
Mander, J. B., Priestley, M. J. N., & Park, R. (1988). Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 114(8), 1804–1825. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:8(1804)
Ou, Y. C., & Kurniawan, D. P. (2015a). Effect of axial compression on shear behavior of high-strength reinforced concrete columns. ACI Structural Journal, 112(2), 209–220. https://doi.org/10.14359/51687300
Ou, Y. C., & Kurniawan, D. P. (2015b). Shear behavior of reinforced of reinforced concrete columns with high-strength steel and concrete. ACI Structural Journal, 112(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.14359/51686822
Paultre, P., Legeron, F., & Mongeau, D. (2001). Influence of concrete strength and transverse reinforcement yield strength on behavior of high-strength concrete columns. ACI Structural Journal, 98(4), 490–501. https://doi.org/10.14359/10292
Popovics, S. (1973). A numerical approach to the complete stressstrain curve of concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 3(5), 583–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(73)90096-3
Ramezanianpour, A. A. (2014). Cement replacement materials. Properties, durability, sustainability. Springer, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36721-2
Razvi, S. R. (1995). Confinement of normal and high-strength concrete columns (Dissertation). University of Ottawa.
Razvi, S. R., & Saatcioglu, M. (1999a). Circular high-strength concrete columns under concentric compression. ACI Structural Journal, 96(5), 817–825. https://doi.org/10.14359/736
Razvi, S. R., & Saatcioglu, M. (1999b). Confinement model for high strength concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 125(3), 281–289. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:3(281)
Razvi, S. W. N., & Shaikh, M. G. (2018). Effect of confinement on behavior of short concrete column. Procedia Manufacturing, 20, 563–570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.084
Sharma, U. K., Bhargava, P., & Kaushik, S. K. (2005). Behavior of confined high strength concrete columns under axial compression. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 3(2), 267–281. https://doi.org/10.3151/JACT.3.267
Standard Association of New Zealand. (2006). NZS 3101: Concrete structures standard Part 1 – The design of concrete structures.
Taheri, A., Moghadam, A. S., & Tasnimi, A. A. (2017). Critical factors in displacement ductility assessment of high-strength concrete columns. International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, 9(4), 325–340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40091-017-0169-6
The International Federation for Structural Concrete (FIB). (2010). CEB-FIB Bulletin 66: Mode code final draft – Volume 2.
Wang, W., Zhang, M., Tang, Y., Zhang, X., & Ding, X. (2017). Behaviour of high-strength concrete columns confined by spiral reinforcement under uniaxial compression. Construction and Building Materials, 154, 496–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.179
Yong, Y. K., Nour, M. G., & Nawy, E. G. (1988). Behavior of laterally confined high-strength concrete under axial loads. Journal of Structural Engineering, 114(2), 333–351. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:2(332)
Zhang, S., & Wang, Y. (2004). Failure modes of short columns of high-strength concrete-filled steel tubes. China Civil Engineering Journal, 37(9), 1–10 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2004.09.001
Zheng, W. Z., Hou, C. C., & Chang, W. (2018). Experimental study on mechanical behavior of circular concrete columns confined by high-strength spiral. Journal of Building Structures, 39(6), 21–31 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2018.06.003