Study on flexural and demountable behavior of a modular light-gauge steel framed wall
Abstract
The demountable and modular light-gauge steel framed (DMLSF) wallboard is presented and used as non-load bearing exterior walls in medium and high-rise steel construction or temporary structure. Firstly, the bending tests were conducted on five wall modules to explore the flexural behavior of the wall. The numerical model was also established and verified by experimental results, and the simplified calculation method of the flexural capacity of the wall was proposed based on 68 numerical models. In addition, the reliability test of the seam between modules was finished to ensure the airtightness of the wall. Furthermore, the demountable behavior of the wall was studied by secondary loading tests and life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. Results suggested that the wallboard could be used repeatedly after disassembled under the serviceability limit state. Raw materials, especially the insulation material, accounted for a large proportion of the environmental impact of the wallboard. The wallboard’s carbon dioxide emission and energy consumption could be significantly reduced when the wallboard was reused. This study can promote the application of the demountable concept in wall components and provide some guidance for the life cycle design of demountable structures.
Keyword : demountable light-gauge steel framed wall, flexural behavior, demountable behavior, environmental impact, life cycle assessment
How to Cite
Liu, C., Chen, X., Mao, X., He, L., & Yuan, J. (2023). Study on flexural and demountable behavior of a modular light-gauge steel framed wall. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 29(2), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2023.18351
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Papargyriou, I., Hajirasouliha, I., Becque, J., & Pilakoutas, K. (2021). Performance-based assessment of CFS strap-braced stud walls under seismic loading. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 183, 106731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106731
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Qadir, S. J., Nguyen, V. B., Hajirasouliha, I., Cartwright, B., & English, M. A. (2020). Optimal design of cold roll formed steel channel sections under bending considering both geometry and cold work effects. Thin-Walled Structures, 157, 107020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.107020
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Rehman, N., Lam, D., Dai, X., & Ashour, A. F. (2016). Experimental study on demountable shear connectors in composite slabs with profiled decking. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 122, 178–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.03.021
Selvaraj, S., & Madhavan, M. (2019). Flexural behaviour and design of cold-formed steel wall panels sheathed with particle cement board. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 162, 105723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.105723
Senturk, M., Pul, S., Ilki, A., & Hajirasouliha, I. (2020). Development of a monolithic-like precast beam-column moment connection: Experimental and analytical investigation. Engineering Structures, 205, 110057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.110057
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Sonkar, C., Bhattacharyya, S. K., & Mittal, A. K. (2021). Investigations on cold-formed steel wall panels with different sheathing boards under axial loading: Experimental and analytical/semi-analytical studies. Journal of Building Engineering, 44, 102924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102924
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Standards Press of China. (2012). Load code for the design of building structures (GB 50009-2012). Beijing, China.
Standards Press of China. (2016). Technical standard for assembled buildings with steel-structure (GB/T 51232-2016). Beijing, China.
Telue, Y., & Mahendran, M. (2004). Behaviour and design of cold-formed steel wall frames lined with plasterboard on both sides. Engineering Structures, 26(5), 567–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2003.12.003
Wang, Y. C., & Salhab, B. (2009). Structural behaviour and design of lightweight structural panels using perforated cold-formed thin-walled sections under compression. International Journal of Steel Structures, 9, 57–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03249480
Xiao, J., Ding, T., & Zhang, Q. (2017). Structural behavior of a new moment-resisting DfD concrete connection. Engineering Structures, 132, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.11.019
Xu, Y., Zhou, X., Shi, Y., Zou, Y., Xiang, Y., & Xu, L. (2021). Experimental investigation of shear resistance of cold-formed steel framed sheathed walls. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 178(3), 106488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106488
Ye, J., Mojtabaei, S.M., Hajirasouliha, I., & Pilakoutas, K. (2020). Efficient design of cold-formed steel bolted-moment connections for earthquake resistant frames. Thin-Walled Structures, 150, 105926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.12.015
Zeynalian, M., & Ronagh, H. R. (2015). Seismic performance of cold formed steel walls sheathed by fibre-cement board panels. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 107, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.01.003
Badr, A. R., Elanwar, H. H., & Mourad, S. A. (2019). Numerical and experimental investigation on cold-formed walls sheathed by fiber cement board. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 158, 366–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.04.004
Baran, E., & Alica, C. (2012). Behavior of cold-formed steel wall panels under monotonic horizontal loading. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 79, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.07.020
Butt, A. A., Birgisson, B., & Kringos, N. (2016). Considering the benefits of asphalt modification using a new technical life cycle assessment framework. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 22(5), 597–607. https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.914084
Cabeza, L. F., Rincon, L., Vilarino, V., Perez, G., & Castell, A. (2014). Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle energy analysis (LCEA) of buildings and the building sector: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 29, 394–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.037
Casafont, M., Arnedo, A., Roure, F., & Rodríguez-Ferran, A. (2006). Experimental testing of joints for seismic design of lightweight structures. Part 1. Screwed joints in straps. Thin-Walled Structures, 44(2), 197–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2006.01.002
Dai, X. H., Lam, D., & Saveri, E. (2015). Effect of concrete strength and stud collar size to shear capacity of demountable shear connectors. Journal of Structural Engineering, 141(11), 04015025. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001267
Eckelman, M. J., Brown, C., Troup, L. N., Wang, L., Webster, M. D., & Hajjar, J. F. (2018). Life cycle energy and environmental benefits of novel design-for-deconstruction structural systems in steel buildings. Building and Environment, 143, 421–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.07.017
Evangelista, P., Kiperstok, A., Torres, E. A., & Goncalves, J. P. (2018). Environmental performance analysis of residential buildings in brazil using life cycle assessment (LCA). Construction and Building Materials, 169, 748–761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.045
Javaheri-Tafti, M. R., Ronagh, H. R., Behnamfar, F., & Memarzadeh, P. (2014). An experimental investigation on the seismic behavior of cold-formed steel walls sheathed by thin steel plates. Thin-Walled Structures, 80, 66–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2014.02.018
Kurda, R., Brito, J. D., & Silvestre, J. D. (2020). A comparative study of the mechanical and life cycle assessment of high-content fly ash and recycled aggregates concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 29, 101173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101173
Liu, C., Mao, X. Y., He, L., Chen, X., Yang, Y., & Yuan, J. (2022). A new demountable light-gauge steel framed wall: Flexural behavior, thermal performance and life cycle assessment. Journal of Building Engineering, 47, 103856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103856
Ma, W., Becque, J., Hajirasouliha, I., & Ye, J. (2015). Cross-sectional optimization of cold-formed steel channels to Eurocode 3. Engineering Structures, 101, 641–651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.07.051
Mojtabaei, S. M., Kabir, M. Z., Hajirasouliha, I., & Karhar, M. (2018). Analytical and experimental study on the seismic performance of cold-formed steel frames. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 143, 18–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.12.013
Mojtabaei, S. M., Becque, J., & Hajirasouliha, I. (2020). Local buckling in cold-formed steel moment-resisting bolted connections: Behavior, capacity, and design. Journal of Structural Engineering, 146(9), 04020167. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002730
Mojtabaei, S. M., Becque, J., & Hajirasouliha, I. (2021). Behavior and design of cold-formed steel bolted connections subjected to combined actions. Journal of Structural Engineering, 147(4), 04021013. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002966
Mortazavi, M., Sharafi, P., Ronagh, H., Samali, B., & Kildashti, K. (2018). Lateral behaviour of hybrid cold-formed and hot-rolled steel wall systems: Experimental investigation. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 147, 422–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.04.035
Papargyriou, I., & Hajirasouliha, I. (2021). More efficient design of CFS strap-braced frames under vertical and seismic loading. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 185, 106886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106886
Papargyriou, I., Hajirasouliha, I., Becque, J., & Pilakoutas, K. (2021). Performance-based assessment of CFS strap-braced stud walls under seismic loading. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 183, 106731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106731
Parastesh, H., Hajirasouliha, I., & Ramezani, R. (2014). A new ductile moment-resisting connection for precast concrete frames in seismic regions: An experimental investigation. Engineering Structures, 70(9), 144–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.04.001
Pul, S., Senturk, M., Ilki, A., & Hajirasouliha, I. (2021). Experimental and numerical investigation of a proposed monolithic-like precast concrete column-foundation connection. Engineering Structures, 246, 113090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113090
Qadir, S. J., Nguyen, V. B., Hajirasouliha, I., Cartwright, B., & English, M. A. (2020). Optimal design of cold roll formed steel channel sections under bending considering both geometry and cold work effects. Thin-Walled Structures, 157, 107020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.107020
Qiao, W., Yan, X., Zhu, R., Wang, F., & Wang, D. (2020). Flexural properties of new cold-formed thin-walled steel and concrete composite slabs. Journal of Building Engineering, 31, 101441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101441
Rehman, N., Lam, D., Dai, X., & Ashour, A. F. (2016). Experimental study on demountable shear connectors in composite slabs with profiled decking. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 122, 178–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.03.021
Selvaraj, S., & Madhavan, M. (2019). Flexural behaviour and design of cold-formed steel wall panels sheathed with particle cement board. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 162, 105723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.105723
Senturk, M., Pul, S., Ilki, A., & Hajirasouliha, I. (2020). Development of a monolithic-like precast beam-column moment connection: Experimental and analytical investigation. Engineering Structures, 205, 110057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.110057
Silvestre, J. D., Silva, A., & Brito, J. D. (2015). Uncertainty modelling of service life and environmental performance to reduce risk in building design decisions. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 21(3), 308–322. https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.890649
Sonkar, C., Bhattacharyya, S. K., & Mittal, A. K. (2021). Investigations on cold-formed steel wall panels with different sheathing boards under axial loading: Experimental and analytical/semi-analytical studies. Journal of Building Engineering, 44, 102924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102924
Standards Press of China. (2010a). Oriented strand board (LY/T 1580-2010). Beijing, China.
Standards Press of China. (2010b). Metallic materials-Tensile testing – Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (GB/T 228.1-2010). Beijing, China.
Standards Press of China. (2012). Load code for the design of building structures (GB 50009-2012). Beijing, China.
Standards Press of China. (2016). Technical standard for assembled buildings with steel-structure (GB/T 51232-2016). Beijing, China.
Telue, Y., & Mahendran, M. (2004). Behaviour and design of cold-formed steel wall frames lined with plasterboard on both sides. Engineering Structures, 26(5), 567–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2003.12.003
Wang, Y. C., & Salhab, B. (2009). Structural behaviour and design of lightweight structural panels using perforated cold-formed thin-walled sections under compression. International Journal of Steel Structures, 9, 57–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03249480
Xiao, J., Ding, T., & Zhang, Q. (2017). Structural behavior of a new moment-resisting DfD concrete connection. Engineering Structures, 132, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.11.019
Xu, Y., Zhou, X., Shi, Y., Zou, Y., Xiang, Y., & Xu, L. (2021). Experimental investigation of shear resistance of cold-formed steel framed sheathed walls. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 178(3), 106488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106488
Ye, J., Mojtabaei, S.M., Hajirasouliha, I., & Pilakoutas, K. (2020). Efficient design of cold-formed steel bolted-moment connections for earthquake resistant frames. Thin-Walled Structures, 150, 105926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.12.015
Zeynalian, M., & Ronagh, H. R. (2015). Seismic performance of cold formed steel walls sheathed by fibre-cement board panels. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 107, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.01.003